Together with the
Itbayat,
the Ivatan inhabit the the Batanes-Babuyan groups, two island groups in
extreme northern Luzon which lie in the typhoon belt. Only the larger islands
are habitable and even these consist of mostly rugged terrain. These are
distinctive cultures which have features in common with both the Luzon Cordillera
people and those of Taiwan, and they are strongly self-sufficient. Itbayat,
the largest island, had a 1990 population of 3551, while the governmental
seat of Batan had a population of 6000; many also now live in Bukidnon and
Cagayan. Most of the people live along the coast, due to the ruggedness
of the interior. Itvayat and Ivatan are separate languages, and the speakers
have distinct ethnic characters. To withstand the strong winds, houses are
built with thick walls of mortar and stone, and roofs have many layers of
thatching. Fishermen use sturdy craft which are rowed rather than paddled;
the dug-out banca used elsewhere in the Philippines is absent here. Windbreaking
trees divide the agricultural fields. Households being largely self-sufficient,
there are generaly no marketplaces. The Ivatan have a strong oral tradition,
including legends (kabbata), lyric folk songs (lagi), and working songs
(kalusan).
AKA:
Location:
Batanes-Babuyan islands, north of Luzon
Languages:
Ivatan
Supergroup:
Subgroups:
Subsistence:
Root crops, especially sweet potato; yams,
taro, bananas, citrus fruits. Fishing.
Population:
20,350 (1994; together with Itbayat)